在哪儿？
Apr 5, 2015
Mar 15, 2015
Mar 5, 2015
Feb 24, 2015
#Course Review# Energy 101: The Big Picture
This course is provided by Georgia Institute of Technology (via Coursera). The instructor is Dr. Sam Shelton, a nationally recognized expert in energy systems and the founding director of the Georgia Tech Strategic Energy Institute.
Summary of the course:
* US primary energy issues:
1) Carbon emissions;
China and US are the top 2 carbon emission countries: in 2010, China ~ 8000 million metric tons; US ~ 6000 million metric tons (annual emissions).
2) Oil dependence
By 2010, ~60% US oil consumption is imported. US is energy-independent for coal and gas (used for electricity power generation).
* How to solve?
Understand US energy details -> Develop energy technology -> Deploy solutions
Energy flow: Natural fuel -> Conversion process -> Society use
First law of thermodynamics: Energy is conserved. Total energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Second law of thermodynamics: All forms of energy do Not have equal value ("energy quality").
* US energy use
Total energy consumption: Buildings 41%; Manufacturing 31%; Transportation 28%
(US) Energy consumption and GDP are highly correlated.
US oil price is set by world supply and demand.
US oil consumption by sector: Transportation 72%; Manufacturing 23%
How to reduce carbon emission?
- Solar / Wind / Nuclear electric power generation
- High MPH vehicles
- Ethanol fuel for transportation
- Higher efficiency electric heating / air conditioning
In US, wind power density variation from region to region: a factor of 10
For solar, it is only a factor of 2 (more uniform nationwide)
US total energy source:
Coal > Natural Gas > Oil > Nuclear > Biomass > Hydro > Wind > Geothermal > Solar
Energy policy should be based on fact, not industry lobby.
Summary of the course:
* US primary energy issues:
1) Carbon emissions;
China and US are the top 2 carbon emission countries: in 2010, China ~ 8000 million metric tons; US ~ 6000 million metric tons (annual emissions).
2) Oil dependence
By 2010, ~60% US oil consumption is imported. US is energy-independent for coal and gas (used for electricity power generation).
* How to solve?
Understand US energy details -> Develop energy technology -> Deploy solutions
Energy flow: Natural fuel -> Conversion process -> Society use
First law of thermodynamics: Energy is conserved. Total energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Second law of thermodynamics: All forms of energy do Not have equal value ("energy quality").
* US energy use
Total energy consumption: Buildings 41%; Manufacturing 31%; Transportation 28%
(US) Energy consumption and GDP are highly correlated.
US oil price is set by world supply and demand.
US Oil Trend
US oil consumption by sector: Transportation 72%; Manufacturing 23%
Oil vs Petroleum: petroleum includes oil, natural gas liquids and ethanol
- Solar / Wind / Nuclear electric power generation
- High MPH vehicles
- Ethanol fuel for transportation
- Higher efficiency electric heating / air conditioning
In US, wind power density variation from region to region: a factor of 10
For solar, it is only a factor of 2 (more uniform nationwide)
US total energy source:
Coal > Natural Gas > Oil > Nuclear > Biomass > Hydro > Wind > Geothermal > Solar
Energy policy should be based on fact, not industry lobby.
Feb 23, 2015
Feb 16, 2015
情人节快乐！
2015年的情人节，姑娘受邀来到了位于波士顿剑桥区的小李魔法厨房。当晚，先由司机小李亲自带着（菜市场买的）花儿（why not），冒着巨大的风雪，千里迢迢来到布鲁克莱区接上姑娘。一路上，姑娘拐弯抹角地追问Tasting Menu有些什么，小李却只是神秘地笑笑。姑娘知道，小李一半是出于专业司机兼保镖的professional discretion，另一半，则是挂记着厨房里没关火的锅呀。
终于到了！魔法厨房的门开启了。Bar Tender小李给姑娘倒上了一杯上好的威士忌。为了照顾姑娘的口味，小李贴心地在酒中浸入了橘子，以中和威士忌的苦与烈。
今晚的第一道菜是沙拉，是主厨小李的原创菜品。饱满的龙虾肉，配上甜脆的榛仁、鲜嫩的蔬菜，用白葡萄醋略加调味，尤其爽口开胃。草食动物的姑娘凭着超人自制力，才忍住没要second serving。
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| 巨大的风雪 （示意图） |
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| 香橙威士忌与菜市场花 |
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| 第一道 龙虾榛子沙拉 |
第二道菜是热汤，暖暖的正合适这糟糕的鬼天气。蘑菇煮到软烂再经blender打得细碎，在百里香的点缀下，一股浓浓的欧洲田园风情伴着香气，从汤碗里一跃而出。值得一提的是，为搭配这道texture上略显单一的菜品，小李惊喜地变出来了几枚可爱的烤鱿鱼圈，作为汤的佐食。
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| 第二道 蘑菇浓汤 |
沙拉和汤过后，就进入到主菜的阶段了。首先是一道白酒奶香海虹。这道菜看似简单，但味道极具层次感。白酒、柠檬、洋葱、香菜巧妙地平衡了海虹本身的鲜腥，而炖煮中酸奶油的使用更是点睛之笔：奶油的浓郁给整道菜增加了质感，而酸酸的味道又不让人觉得腻烦。小李本人认为这是当晚最成功的菜品！
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| 第三道 白酒奶香海虹 |
今晚的压轴菜是海鲜墨鱼意面。主厨小李为了采购新鲜的墨鱼面，不远万里驱车去了Somerville的一家历史悠久的意大利专营粮店。在店里老板的推荐下，小李选择了秘制的复合型番茄酱，搭配带子和鱿鱼碎。相比其他店里的墨鱼面，这道菜毫不油腻，面的整体口感偏软，有Asian-fusion的感觉。
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| 第四道 墨鱼意面 |
一顿海鲜大餐过后，考虑到食客的饭量，小李没有准备甜点，而是端上了三枚巧克力，可谓四两拨千斤。Barista小李当场制作了手冲咖啡，为整顿饭画上了完美的句点。
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| 巧克力和咖啡 |
第二天一早，恋爱中的小李从冰箱里取出深夜制作的提拉米苏作为早餐。
“嘿，我的pastry chef也不差嘛！”
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| 自以为是马蒂尼的提拉米苏 |
By 姑娘，
小李魔法厨房 Eater / Food Critic / Sous Chef / Pastry Chef
无题 2015/02/15
少年说起Mega Millions彩票。
少年：“每个人中奖的概率都是0，但所有人加在一起的中奖概率却是1……”
姑娘（想）：少年这是要讨论数学问题还是哲学问题呢
少年：“……这就说明我就是那个1啊！我不去买彩票实在是可惜了。”
少年：“每个人中奖的概率都是0，但所有人加在一起的中奖概率却是1……”
姑娘（想）：少年这是要讨论数学问题还是哲学问题呢
少年：“……这就说明我就是那个1啊！我不去买彩票实在是可惜了。”
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